The argon gas flowing through the torch is ignited with a Tesla unit that creates a brief discharge arc through the argon flow to initiate the ionization process. Typical instruments run at either 27 or 40 MHz. This RF signal is created by the RF generator which is, effectively, a high power radio transmitter driving the "work coil" the same way a typical radio transmitter drives a transmitting antenna. When the torch is turned on, an intense electromagnetic field is created within the coil by the high power radio frequency signal flowing in the coil. The ICPs have two operation modes, called capacitive (E) mode with low plasma density and inductive (H) mode with high plasma density, and E to H heating mode transition occurs with external inputs. Argon gas is typically used to create the plasma. The output or "work" coil of the radio frequency (RF) generator surrounds part of this quartz torch. The ICP torch consists of 3 concentric quartz glass tubes. The ICP-AES is composed of two parts: the ICP and the optical spectrometer. The intensity of the emissions from various wavelengths of light are proportional to the concentrations of the elements within the sample. The source temperature is in the range from 6000 to 10,000 K. The plasma is sustained and maintained by inductive coupling from electrical coils at megahertz frequencies. The plasma is a high temperature source of ionised source gas (often argon). It is a type of emission spectroscopy that uses the inductively coupled plasma to produce excited atoms and ions that emit electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths characteristic of a particular element. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy ( ICP-AES), also referred to as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), is an analytical technique used for the detection of chemical elements. Analytic scientific technique ICP atomic emission spectrometer.
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